Movimiento FabLab: diseño de investigación mediante métodos mixtos

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14198/OBETS2019.14.2.04

Palabras clave:

Fenómeno FabLab, Cultura Maker, Open source, Métodos mixtos, Grounded theory, Focus group

Resumen

Los laboratorios de fabricación digital (FabLab) son una realidad que presenta nuevas oportunidades a los usuarios y consumidores de convertirse en diseñadores y creadores de objetos de uso cotidiano. Concebidos en el MIT a principios de este siglo, como entornos de desarrollo de proyectos con componentes digitales han sufrido un crecimiento espectacular en los últimos años. El movimiento FabLab, en parte debido a su juventud y a cierto alejamiento de los circuitos académicos al estar más relacionado con la cultura Maker y el movimiento Open-Source, ha sido poco estudiado formalmente. El presente trabajo plantea un acercamiento a dicho movimiento mediante el uso de una metodología mixta que permite identificar las dimensiones relevantes en este movimiento y definir las preguntas de investigación a las que dar respuesta en posteriores investigaciones.

Citas

Arias Alpizar, L. M. (2011). Interdisciplinariedad y Triangulación en Ciencias Sociales. Diálogos Revista Electrónica, 10(1), 117–136.

Bagozzi, R. P., & Yi, Y. (1990). Assessing method variance in multitrait-multimethod matrices: The case of self-reported affect and perceptions at work. Journal of Applied Psychology, 75(5), 547–560. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.75.5.547

Bandara, W. (2006). Using NVivo as a research management tool: A case narrative. Quality and Impact of Qaulitative Research: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on QaulIT, 6–19.

Basch, C. E. (1987). Focus Group Interview: An Underutilized Research Technique for Improving Theory and Practice in Health Education. Health Education and Behavior, 14(411).

Bauman, L. J., & Adair, E. G. (1992). The Use of Ethnographic Interviewing to Inform Questionnaire Construction. Health Education Quarterly, 19(1), 9–23. https://doi.org/10.1177/109019819201900102

Bazeley, P. (2007). Qualitative Data Analysis with NVivo. Sage Publications (Vol. 2nd). https://doi.org/10.1080/14780887.2014.992750

Bellenger, D. N., Bernhardt, K. L., & Goldstucker, J. L. (2011). Qualitative Research in Marketing. (American Marketing Association, Ed.). Chicago: South Riverside Plaza.

Berelson, B. (1952). Content analysis in communication research. The Free Press. https://doi.org/10.1086/617924

Betts, B. (2010). Bringing The Factory Home. Engineering & Technology, (June), 56–58. https://doi.org/10.1049/et.2010.0813

Beyers, R. N. (2010). Nurturing Creativity and Innovation Through FabKids: A Case Study. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 19(5), 447–455. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-010-9212-0

Birks, M., & Mills, J. (2011). Essentials of grounded theory. Grounded Theory: A Practical Guide, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-9258-1_12

Bloor, M., Frankland, J., Thomas, M., & Robson, K. (2001). Focus Groups in Social Research. Social Research.

Brannick, M. T., & Spector, P. E. (1990). Estimation Problems in the Block-Diagonal Model of the Multitrait-Multimethod Matrix. Applied Psychological Measurement, 14(4), 325–339. https://doi.org/10.1177/014662169001400401

Butler, S. (1996). Child protection or professional self-preservation by the baby nurses? Public health nurses and child protection in Ireland. Social Science and Medicine, 43(3), 303–314. https://doi.org/10.1016/0277-9536(95)00378-9

Byers, P. Y., & Wilcox, J. R. (1991). Focus Groups: A Qualitative Opportunity for Researchers. Journal of Business Communication, 28(1), 63–78. https://doi.org/10.1177/002194369102800105

Calder, B. J. (1977). Focus groups and the nature of qualitative research marketing. Journal of Marketing Research, 14, 353–364.

Callejo, J. (2002). Grupo de discusión: la apertura incoherente. Estudios de Sociolingüística, 3(1).

Campbell, D. T., & Fiske, D. W. (1959). Convergent and discriminant validation by the multitrait-multimethod matrix. Psychological Bulletin, 56(2), 81–105. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0046016

Capdevilla, I. (2014). Different Entrepreneurial Approaches in Localized Spaces of Collaborative Innovation.

Carrero, V., Soriano, R. M., & Trinidad, A. (2012). Teoría Fundamentada Grounded Theroy. El desarrllo de la toría desde la generalización conceptual. Cuadernos metodológicos 37. Madrid: CIS.

Cavalcanti, G. (2013). Is it a Hackerspace, Makerspace, TechShop, or FabLab?

Corbin, J. M., & Strauss, A. (1990). Grounded theory research: Procedures, canons, and evaluative criteria. Qualitative Sociology, 13(1), 3–21. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00988593

Creswell, J., & Clark, V. (2007). Designing and conducting mixed-methods research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. The Sage handbook of qualitative research.

Creswell, J. J. W. (2013). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research. Educational Research (Vol. 3).

Creswell, J. W. (1998). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five traditions. Qualitative Health Research. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9299.00177

Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. Research design Qualitative quantitative and mixed methods approaches. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13398-014-0173-7.2

Driessnack, M., Sousa, V. D., & Costa, I. A. (2007). Revisi{ó}n de los dise{ñ}os de investigaci{ó}n relevantes para la Enfermer{í}a: Parte 3: M{é}todos mixtos y m{ú}ltiples. Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem, 15(5), 1–4.

Eychenne, F. (2012). Fab Labs overview. The Fing (Fondation internet nouvelle Generation).

Ferketich, S. L., Figueredo, A. J., & Knapp, T. R. (1991). Focus on psychometrics. The multitrait???multimethod approach to construct validity. Research in Nursing & Health, 14(4), 315–320. https://doi.org/10.1002/nur.4770140410

Fernández Nogales, A. (2013). La entrevista en profundidad. In Sarabia Sánchez, F.J. (Coord.), Métodos de investigación social y de la empresa. (pp. 575–600). Madrid: Pirámide.

Flik, U. (2004). Triangulation in Qualitative Research. A Companion to Qualitative Research, 20, 432. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(98)00102-2

Freitas, H., Oliveira, M., Jenkins, M., & Popjoy, O. (1998). The Focus Group, A Qualitative Research Method. Isrc, (010298), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2013.02.032

García-Ruiz, M. E., & Lena-Acebo, F. J. (2018). Application of the delphi method in the design of a quantitative investigation on the FABLABS. Empiria. https://doi.org/10.5944/empiria.40.2018.22014

García Calvente, M. M., & Mateo Rodríguez, I. (2000). El grupo focal como técnica de investigación cualitativa en salud: diseño y puesta en práctica. Atención Primaria, 25(3).

Gershenfeld, N., & Prakash, M. (2004). Personal communication fabrication in the Lyngen Alps. Telektronikk 3, 22–26.

Glaser, B. (1992). Basics of grounded theory analysis: emergence vs forcing. Recherche.

Glaser, B. (1999). The Future of Grounded Theory. Qualitative Health Research, 9(6), 836–845. https://doi.org/10.1177/104973299129122199

Glaser, B. (2012). Stop. Write! Writing Grounded Theory. Grounded Theory Review, 11(1), 2–11.

Glaser, B. (2013). Grounded theory methodology. Introducing Qualitative Research in Psychology, 69–82.

Glaser, B. G. (1978). Theoretical sensitivity: Advances in the methodology of grounded theory. Sociology Pr. https://doi.org/Casa

Glaser, B. G. (1998). Doing grounded theory: Issues and discussion. Recherche, 67, 2.

Glaser, B. G. (2008). Conceptualization: On theory and theorizing using grounded theory. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 1, 23–38. https://doi.org/10.1103/Physics.3.106

Glaser, B., & Strauss, A. (1967). The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research. Observations (Vol. 1). https://doi.org/10.2307/2575405

Goldman, A. E. (1962). The Group Depth Interview. Journal of Marketing, 26(3), 61–68. https://doi.org/10.2307/1248305

Goodman, C. M. (1987). The Delphi technique: a critique. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 12(6), 729–734. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.1987.tb01376.x

Gutiérrez Brito, J. (2008). Dinámica del grupo de discusión. (Centro de investigaciones sociológicas, Ed.). Madrid: Publidisa.

Hammond, K. R., Hamm, R. M., & Grassia, J. (1986). Generalizing over conditions by combining the multitrait-multimethod matrix and the representative design of experiments. Psychological Bulletin, 100(2), 257–269. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.100.2.257

Hernandez Sampieri, R., Fernandez Collado, C., & Baptista Lucio, M. del P. (2010). Metodología de la investigación. Metodología de la investigación.

Hielscher, S., Smith, A., & Fressoli, M. (2015). WP4 Case Study Report: FabLabs, Report for the TRANSIT FP7 Project. Brighton.

Hisrich, R. D., & Peters, M. J. (1982). Comparison of perceived hospital affiliation and selection criteria by primary market segments. Journal of Health Care Marketing, 2(3).

Janesick, V. (1998). Stretching: Exercises for quailitative researchers. Thousand Oaks: Sage.

Jick, T. D. (1979). Mixing Qualitative and Quantitative Methods : Triangulation in Action Todd D . Jick Mixing Qualitative and Quantitative Methods : Triangulation in Action. Administrative Science Quarterly, 24(4), 602–611. https://doi.org/10.2307/2392366

Johnson, B., & Turner, L. A. (2003). Data collection strategies in mixed methods research. In Handbook of mixed methods in social and behavioural research. (pp. 297–320).

Johnson, R. B., & Onwuegbuzie, A. J. (2004). Mixed Methods Research: A Research Paradigm Whose Time Has Come. Educational Researcher, 33(7), 14–26. https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X033007014

Johnson, R. B., Onwuegbuzie, A. J., & Turner, L. A. (2007). Toward a definition of mixed methods research. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 1(2), 112–133. https://doi.org/10.1177/1558689806298224

Johnson, S. M., Smith, P. C., & Tucker, S. M. (1982). Response format of the Job Descriptive Index: Assessment of reliability and validity by the multitrait-multimethod matrix. Journal of Applied Psychology, 67(4), 500–505. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.67.4.500

Keats, D. M. (2009). Entrevista. Guía práctica para estudiantes y profesionales. México D.F.: Mcgraw-Hill.

Kenny, D. a., & Kashy, D. a. (1992). Analysis of the multitrait multimethod matrix by confirmatory factor analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 112(1), 165–172. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.112.1.165

Kohtala, C. (2013). Shaping Sustainability in Fab Labs. In Participatory Innovation Conference PIN-C 2013 (pp. 287–290). Lahti, Finlandia: Lappeenranta University of Technology.

Kotler, P. (1986). The Prosumer Movement: A New Challenge for Marketers. Advances in Consumer Research, 13(1), 510–513. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004

Kvale, S. (2011). Las entrevistas en investigación cualitativa. Madrid: Morata.

Linstone, H. A., & Turoff, M. (2002). The Delphi Method - Techniques and applications. The Delphi Method - Techniques and Applications, 1–616. https://doi.org/10.2307/1268751

Määttä, A., & Troxler, P. (2011). Developing open & distributed tools for Fablab project documentation. CEUR Workshop Proceedings, 739.

Mikhak, B., Lyon, C., Gorton, T., Gershenfeld, N., Mcennis, C., & Taylor, J. (2002). Fab Lab : an Alternate Model of Ict for Development. Development by Design (DYD02), 1–7.

Morgan, D. L. (1988). Focus groups the qualitative research. Beverly Hills: SAGE Publications.

Morgan, D. L. (1993). Successful Focus Groups: Advancing the State of the Art. The Design and Analysis of Focus Group Studies in Social Science Research, 35–50. https://doi.org/0803948743, 9780803948747

Morgan, D. L., & Krueger, R. A. (1993). When to use focus groups and why. In Successful focus groups: Advancing the state of the art. (pp. 3–19). https://doi.org/10.4135/9781483349008.n1

Morgan, D. L., & Spanish, M. T. (1984). Focus groups: A new tool for qualitative research. Qualitative Sociology, 7(3), 253–270. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00987314

Morrison, H. (1997). Information Literacy Skills: An Exploratory Focus Group Study of Student Perceptions. Research Strategies, 15(1), 4–17.

Morse, J. (1991). Approaches to Qualitative-Quantitative Methodological Triangulation. Nursing Research, 40(2).

Morse, J. M., Barrett, M., Mayan, M., Olson, K., & Spiers, J. (2002). Verification Strategies for Establishing Reliability and Validity in Qualitative Research. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 1(2), 13–22. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2011328

Morse, J., & Niehaus, L. (2009). Mixed methods design: principles and procedures. (Left Coast Press, Ed.). Walnut Creek.

Moscoloni, N. (2005). Complementación metodológica para el análisis de datos cuantitativos y cualitativos en evaluación educativa. Revista Electrónica de Metodología Aplicada, 10(2), 1–10.

Myers, K. K., & Oetzel, J. G. (2003). Exploring the dimensions of organizational assimilation: Creating and validating a measure. Communication Quarterly, 51(4), 438–457. https://doi.org/10.1080/01463370309370166

Nastasi, B. K., Hitchcock, J., Sarkar, S., Burkholder, G., Varjas, K., & Jayasena, A. (2007). Mixed Methods in Intervention Research: Theory to Adaptation. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 1(2), 164–182. https://doi.org/10.1177/1558689806298181

Okuda Benavides, M., & Gómez-Testrepo, C. (2005). Métodos en investigación cualitativa: triangulación. Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria, XXXIV(1), 118–124.

Paio, A., Eloy, S., Rato, V. M., Resende, R., & de Oliveira, M. J. J. (2012). Prototyping Vitruvius, New Challenges: Digital Education, Research and Practice. Nexus Network Journal, 14(3), 409–429. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00004-012-0124-6

Pengelly, J., Fairburn, S., & Newlands, B. (2012). Adopting ’ Fablab ’ Model To Embed Creative Entrepreneurship Across Design Program. Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Engineering and Product Design Education: Design Education for Future Wellbeing, EPDE 2012, (September), 654–660.

Pila, A. D. (2017). How a Fab Lab can drive ordinary people to become engineering enthusiasts and help to make a better society. (A. T.Z. & K. W., Eds.), International Conference on The Human Side of Service Engineering, 2016. Sorocaba Engineering College (FACENS), Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil: Springer Verlag. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41947-3_33

Plano Clark, V. L. (2005). Cross disciplinary analysis of the use of mixed methods in physics education research, counseling psychology and primare care. Nebraska-Lincoln.

Ritzer, G., Dean, P., & Jurgenson, N. (2012). The Coming of Age of the Prosumer. American Behavioral Scientist, 56(4), 379–398. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764211429368

Rowe, G., & Wright, G. (1999). The Delphi technique as a forecasting tool: issues and analysis. International Journal of Forecasting, 15, 353–375. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-2070(99)00018-7

Sagoe, D. (2012). Precincts and Prospects in the Use of Focus Groups in Social and Behavioral Science Research. The Qualitative Report, 17(29), 1–16.

Saillard, E. K. (2011). Systematic Versus Interpretive Analysis with Two CAQDAS Packages: NVivo and MAXQDA. Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung/Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 12(1), 1–23.

Schmitt, N. (1978). Path Analysis of Multitrait-Multimethod Matrices. Applied Psychological Measurement, 2, 157–173. https://doi.org/10.1177/014662167800200201

Sieber, S. D. (1973). The Integration of Fieldwork and Survey Methods. The American Journal of Sociology, 78(6), 1335–1359. https://doi.org/10.1086/225467

Sim, J. (1998). Collecting and analysing qualitative data: issues raised by the focus group. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 28(2), 345–352. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0001-2092(06)62388-0

Society for Research in Child Development. (2012). II. OVERVIEW OF FOCUS GROUP METHODOLOGY. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 77(3), 26–33. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5834.2012.00678.x

Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1990). Basics of qualitative research: grounded theory procedure and techniques. Qualitative Sociology, 13(1), 3–21.

Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1994). Grounded theory methodology. Handbook of Qualitative Research, 273–285. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00988593

Strauss, A. L. (1987). Qualitative analysis for social scientists. Cambridge University Press (Vol. 1). https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511557842

Strauss, A. L., Corbin, J. M., & 1942-. (1998). Basics of qualitative research / grounded theory procedures and techniques. Qualitative Sociology. https://doi.org/10.2307/2074814

Stubbs, M. (1983). Discourse Analysis: The Sociolinguistic Analysis of Natural Language. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.

Stycos, J. M. (1981). A Critique of Focus Group and Survey Research: The Machismo Case. Studies in Family Planning, 12(12), 450–456. https://doi.org/10.2307/1965657

Tashakkori, A., & Teddlie, C. (1998). Mixed Methodology. Combining Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches. Applied Social Research Methods Series (Vol. 46). https://doi.org/10.2307/2655606

Troxler, P. (2010). Commons-based Peer-Production of Physical Goods Is there Room for a Hybrid Innovation Ecology ? Third Free Culture Research Conference (Berlin, 8–9 October), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1692617

Troxler, P. (2014). Fab Labs Forked : A Grassroots Insurgency inside the Next Industrial Revolution From a Book Programmes National. Journal of Peer, (5), 1–3.

Troxler, P., & Schweikert, S. (2010). Developing a Business Model for

Concurrent Enterprising at the Fab Lab. Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Concurrent Enterprising, Lugano, Switzerland, 21–23.

Troxler, P., & Wolf, P. (2010). Bending the Rules: The Fab Lab Innovation Ecology. Square-1.Eu, (September), 5–7.

Valdemoros-San-Emeterio, M. Á., Ponce-de-León-Elizondo, A., &

Sanz-Arazuri, E. (2011). Fundamentos en el manejo del Nvivo 9 como herramienta al servicio de estudios cualitativos. Contextos Educativos, 14, 11–29.

Valles Martínez, M. (2002). Entrevistas cualitativas. Cuadernos metodológicos (Vol. 32). Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas. https://doi.org/004020239

Vargas Jiménez, I. (2012). La entrevista en la investigación cualitativa: nuevas tendencias y retos. Revista Calidad En La Educación Superior, 3(1), 119–139.

Vaughn, S., Schumm, J. S., & Sinagub, J. M. (1996). Focus Group Interviews in Education and Psychology. Physiotherapy, 82(11), 645. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9406(05)66364-X

Vidich, A. J., & Shapiro, G. (1955). A Comparison of Participant Observation and Survey Data. Source American Sociological Review, 20(1), 28–33. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.135.3503.554

Walter-Herrmann, J., & Büching, C. (2013). FabLab: Of Machines, Makers and Inventors. FabLab: Of Machines, Makers and Inventors. Wetzlar: [Transcript] Cultural and Media Studies.

Weerawardena, J., & Mort, G. (2006). Investigating social entrepreneurship: A multidimensional model. Journal of World Business, 41(1), 21–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2005.09.001

Weyer, T. De, Taelman, J., Diepenbeek, B.-, Taelman, J., Luyten, K., Leen, D., … Dreesen, K. (2013). Hack - a - thing : A Series of FabLab Genk Workshops for Reusing and Repurposing Depreciated Objects. The First European Fab Lab Conference – FabLabCon.

Widaman, K. F. (1985). Hierarchically Nested Covariance Structure Models for Multitrait-Multimethod Data. Applied Psychological Measurement, 9(1), 1–26.

https://doi.org/10.1177/014662168500900101

Wilkinson, S. (1998). Focus group methodology: a review. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 1(3), 181–203. https://doi.org/10.1080/13645579.1998.10846874

Wilkinson, S. (2004). Focus group research. In Qualitative research: Theory, method, and practice (pp. 177–199). https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199811755.013.015

Wolf, P., Troxler, P., Kocher, P., Harboe, J., & Gaudenz, U. (2013). Sharing is Sparing : Open Knowledge Sharing in Fab Labs 1 Knowledge sharing in the global Fab Lab community : A literature review, (Hess 2008), 1–11.

Zeller, R. A., & Carmines, E. (1980). Measurement in the Social Sciences: The Link Between Theory and Data. Cambridge: Cambridge University.

Descargas

Estadísticas

Estadísticas en RUA

Publicado

22-12-2019

Cómo citar

García Ruiz, M. E., & Lena Acebo, F. J. (2019). Movimiento FabLab: diseño de investigación mediante métodos mixtos. Revista OBETS, 14(2), 373–406. https://doi.org/10.14198/OBETS2019.14.2.04

Número

Sección

Artículos